Periodic Table

Symbol:

H 

Name:

Hydrogen 

Number:

1 

Period:

1 

Atomic Mass:

1.008 

Summary:

Hydrogen is a chemical element with chemical symbol H and atomic number 1. With an atomic weight of 1.00794 u, hydrogen is the lightest element on the periodic table. Its monatomic form (H) is the most abundant chemical substance in the Universe, constituting roughly 75% of all baryonic mass. 

Appearance:

colorless gas 

Boil:

20.271 

Category:

diatomic nonmetal 

Color:

 

Density:

0.08988 

Discovered By:

Henry Cavendish 

Melt:

13.99 

Molar Heat:

28.836 

Named By:

Antoine Lavoisier 

Phase:

Gas 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

1 

ypos:

1 

Shells:

1 

Electron Configuration:

1s1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

1s1 

Electron Affinity:

72.769 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.2 

Ionization Energies:

1312 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

ffffff 

Symbol:

He 

Name:

Helium 

Number:

2 

Period:

1 

Atomic Mass:

4.0026022 

Summary:

Helium is a chemical element with symbol He and atomic number 2. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, inert, monatomic gas that heads the noble gas group in the periodic table. Its boiling and melting points are the lowest among all the elements. 

Appearance:

colorless gas, exhibiting a red-orange glow when placed in a high-voltage electric field 

Boil:

4.222 

Category:

noble gas 

Color:

 

Density:

0.1786 

Discovered By:

Pierre Janssen 

Melt:

0.95 

Molar Heat:

 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Gas 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

18 

ypos:

1 

Shells:

2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

1s2 

Electron Affinity:

-48 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

 

Ionization Energies:

2372.3 
5250.5 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

d9ffff 

Symbol:

Li 

Name:

Lithium 

Number:

3 

Period:

2 

Atomic Mass:

6.94 

Summary:

Lithium (from Greek:λίθος lithos, "stone") is a chemical element with the symbol Li and atomic number 3. It is a soft, silver-white metal belonging to the alkali metal group of chemical elements. Under standard conditions it is the lightest metal and the least dense solid element. 

Appearance:

silvery-white 

Boil:

1603 

Category:

alkali metal 

Color:

 

Density:

0.534 

Discovered By:

Johan August Arfwedson 

Melt:

453.65 

Molar Heat:

24.86 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

1 

ypos:

2 

Shells:

2 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[He] 2s1 

Electron Affinity:

59.6326 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

0.98 

Ionization Energies:

520.2 
7298.1 
11815 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

cc80ff 

Symbol:

Be 

Name:

Beryllium 

Number:

4 

Period:

2 

Atomic Mass:

9.01218315 

Summary:

Beryllium is a chemical element with symbol Be and atomic number 4. It is created through stellar nucleosynthesis and is a relatively rare element in the universe. It is a divalent element which occurs naturally only in combination with other elements in minerals. 

Appearance:

white-gray metallic 

Boil:

2742 

Category:

alkaline earth metal 

Color:

 

Density:

1.85 

Discovered By:

Louis Nicolas Vauquelin 

Melt:

1560 

Molar Heat:

16.443 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

2 

ypos:

2 

Shells:

2 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[He] 2s2 

Electron Affinity:

-48 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.57 

Ionization Energies:

899.5 
1757.1 
14848.7 
21006.6 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

c2ff00 

Symbol:

B 

Name:

Boron 

Number:

5 

Period:

2 

Atomic Mass:

10.81 

Summary:

Boron is a metalloid chemical element with symbol B and atomic number 5. Produced entirely by cosmic ray spallation and supernovae and not by stellar nucleosynthesis, it is a low-abundance element in both the Solar system and the Earth's crust. Boron is concentrated on Earth by the water-solubility of its more common naturally occurring compounds, the borate minerals. 

Appearance:

black-brown 

Boil:

4200 

Category:

metalloid 

Color:

 

Density:

2.08 

Discovered By:

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac 

Melt:

2349 

Molar Heat:

11.087 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

13 

ypos:

2 

Shells:

2 
3 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[He] 2s2 2p1 

Electron Affinity:

26.989 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.04 

Ionization Energies:

800.6 
2427.1 
3659.7 
25025.8 
32826.7 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

ffb5b5 

Symbol:

C 

Name:

Carbon 

Number:

6 

Period:

2 

Atomic Mass:

12.011 

Summary:

Carbon (from Latin:carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. On the periodic table, it is the first (row 2) of six elements in column (group) 14, which have in common the composition of their outer electron shell. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. 

Appearance:

 

Boil:

 

Category:

polyatomic nonmetal 

Color:

 

Density:

1.821 

Discovered By:

Ancient Egypt 

Melt:

 

Molar Heat:

8.517 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

14 

ypos:

2 

Shells:

2 
4 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p2 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[He] 2s2 2p2 

Electron Affinity:

121.7763 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.55 

Ionization Energies:

1086.5 
2352.6 
4620.5 
6222.7 
37831 
47277 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

909090 

Symbol:

N 

Name:

Nitrogen 

Number:

7 

Period:

2 

Atomic Mass:

14.007 

Summary:

Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7. It is the lightest pnictogen and at room temperature, it is a transparent, odorless diatomic gas. Nitrogen is a common element in the universe, estimated at about seventh in total abundance in the Milky Way and the Solar System. 

Appearance:

colorless gas, liquid or solid 

Boil:

77.355 

Category:

diatomic nonmetal 

Color:

 

Density:

1.251 

Discovered By:

Daniel Rutherford 

Melt:

63.15 

Molar Heat:

 

Named By:

Jean-Antoine Chaptal 

Phase:

Gas 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

15 

ypos:

2 

Shells:

2 
5 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p3 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[He] 2s2 2p3 

Electron Affinity:

-6.8 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

3.04 

Ionization Energies:

1402.3 
2856 
4578.1 
7475 
9444.9 
53266.6 
64360 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

3050f8 

Symbol:

O 

Name:

Oxygen 

Number:

8 

Period:

2 

Atomic Mass:

15.999 

Summary:

Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table and is a highly reactive nonmetal and oxidizing agent that readily forms compounds (notably oxides) with most elements. By mass, oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium. 

Appearance:

 

Boil:

90.188 

Category:

diatomic nonmetal 

Color:

 

Density:

1.429 

Discovered By:

Carl Wilhelm Scheele 

Melt:

54.36 

Molar Heat:

 

Named By:

Antoine Lavoisier 

Phase:

Gas 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

16 

ypos:

2 

Shells:

2 
6 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p4 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[He] 2s2 2p4 

Electron Affinity:

140.976 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

3.44 

Ionization Energies:

1313.9 
3388.3 
5300.5 
7469.2 
10989.5 
13326.5 
71330 
84078 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

ff0d0d 

Symbol:

F 

Name:

Fluorine 

Number:

9 

Period:

2 

Atomic Mass:

18.9984031636 

Summary:

Fluorine is a chemical element with symbol F and atomic number 9. It is the lightest halogen and exists as a highly toxic pale yellow diatomic gas at standard conditions. As the most electronegative element, it is extremely reactive:almost all other elements, including some noble gases, form compounds with fluorine. 

Appearance:

 

Boil:

85.03 

Category:

diatomic nonmetal 

Color:

 

Density:

1.696 

Discovered By:

André-Marie Ampère 

Melt:

53.48 

Molar Heat:

 

Named By:

Humphry Davy 

Phase:

Gas 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

17 

ypos:

2 

Shells:

2 
7 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p5 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[He] 2s2 2p5 

Electron Affinity:

328.1649 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

3.98 

Ionization Energies:

1681 
3374.2 
6050.4 
8407.7 
11022.7 
15164.1 
17868 
92038.1 
106434.3 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

90e050 

Symbol:

Ne 

Name:

Neon 

Number:

10 

Period:

2 

Atomic Mass:

20.17976 

Summary:

Neon is a chemical element with symbol Ne and atomic number 10. It is in group 18 (noble gases) of the periodic table. Neon is a colorless, odorless, inert monatomic gas under standard conditions, with about two-thirds the density of air. 

Appearance:

colorless gas exhibiting an orange-red glow when placed in a high voltage electric field 

Boil:

27.104 

Category:

noble gas 

Color:

 

Density:

0.9002 

Discovered By:

Morris Travers 

Melt:

24.56 

Molar Heat:

 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Gas 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

18 

ypos:

2 

Shells:

2 
8 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[He] 2s2 2p6 

Electron Affinity:

-116 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

 

Ionization Energies:

2080.7 
3952.3 
6122 
9371 
12177 
15238 
19999 
23069.5 
115379.5 
131432 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

b3e3f5 

Symbol:

Na 

Name:

Sodium 

Number:

11 

Period:

3 

Atomic Mass:

22.989769282 

Summary:

Sodium /ˈsoʊdiəm/ is a chemical element with symbol Na (from Ancient Greek Νάτριο) and atomic number 11. It is a soft, silver-white, highly reactive metal. In the Periodic table it is in column 1 (alkali metals), and shares with the other six elements in that column that it has a single electron in its outer shell, which it readily donates, creating a positively charged atom - a cation. 

Appearance:

silvery white metallic 

Boil:

1156.09 

Category:

alkali metal 

Color:

 

Density:

0.968 

Discovered By:

Humphry Davy 

Melt:

370.944 

Molar Heat:

28.23 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

1 

ypos:

3 

Shells:

2 
8 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ne] 3s1 

Electron Affinity:

52.867 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

0.93 

Ionization Energies:

495.8 
4562 
6910.3 
9543 
13354 
16613 
20117 
25496 
28932 
141362 
159076 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

ab5cf2 

Symbol:

Mg 

Name:

Magnesium 

Number:

12 

Period:

3 

Atomic Mass:

24.305 

Summary:

Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray solid which bears a close physical resemblance to the other five elements in the second column (Group 2, or alkaline earth metals) of the periodic table:they each have the same electron configuration in their outer electron shell producing a similar crystal structure. Magnesium is the ninth most abundant element in the universe. 

Appearance:

shiny grey solid 

Boil:

1363 

Category:

alkaline earth metal 

Color:

 

Density:

1.738 

Discovered By:

Joseph Black 

Melt:

923 

Molar Heat:

24.869 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

2 

ypos:

3 

Shells:

2 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ne] 3s2 

Electron Affinity:

-40 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.31 

Ionization Energies:

737.7 
1450.7 
7732.7 
10542.5 
13630 
18020 
21711 
25661 
31653 
35458 
169988 
189368 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

8aff00 

Symbol:

Al 

Name:

Aluminium 

Number:

13 

Period:

3 

Atomic Mass:

26.98153857 

Summary:

Aluminium (or aluminum; see different endings) is a chemical element in the boron group with symbol Al and atomic number 13. It is a silvery-white, soft, nonmagnetic, ductile metal. Aluminium is the third most abundant element (after oxygen and silicon), and the most abundant metal, in the Earth's crust. 

Appearance:

silvery gray metallic 

Boil:

2743 

Category:

post-transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

2.7 

Discovered By:

 

Melt:

933.47 

Molar Heat:

24.2 

Named By:

Humphry Davy 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

13 

ypos:

3 

Shells:

2 
8 
3 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ne] 3s2 3p1 

Electron Affinity:

41.762 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.61 

Ionization Energies:

577.5 
1816.7 
2744.8 
11577 
14842 
18379 
23326 
27465 
31853 
38473 
42647 
201266 
222316 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

bfa6a6 

Symbol:

Si 

Name:

Silicon 

Number:

14 

Period:

3 

Atomic Mass:

28.085 

Summary:

Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14. It is a tetravalent metalloid, more reactive than germanium, the metalloid directly below it in the table. Controversy about silicon's character dates to its discovery. 

Appearance:

crystalline, reflective with bluish-tinged faces 

Boil:

3538 

Category:

metalloid 

Color:

 

Density:

2.329 

Discovered By:

Jöns Jacob Berzelius 

Melt:

1687 

Molar Heat:

19.789 

Named By:

Thomas Thomson (chemist) 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

14 

ypos:

3 

Shells:

2 
8 
4 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ne] 3s2 3p2 

Electron Affinity:

134.0684 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.9 

Ionization Energies:

786.5 
1577.1 
3231.6 
4355.5 
16091 
19805 
23780 
29287 
33878 
38726 
45962 
50502 
235196 
257923 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

f0c8a0 

Symbol:

P 

Name:

Phosphorus 

Number:

15 

Period:

3 

Atomic Mass:

30.9737619985 

Summary:

Phosphorus is a chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15. As an element, phosphorus exists in two major forms—white phosphorus and red phosphorus—but due to its high reactivity, phosphorus is never found as a free element on Earth. Instead phosphorus-containing minerals are almost always present in their maximally oxidised state, as inorganic phosphate rocks. 

Appearance:

colourless, waxy white, yellow, scarlet, red, violet, black 

Boil:

 

Category:

polyatomic nonmetal 

Color:

 

Density:

1.823 

Discovered By:

Hennig Brand 

Melt:

 

Molar Heat:

23.824 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

15 

ypos:

3 

Shells:

2 
8 
5 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ne] 3s2 3p3 

Electron Affinity:

72.037 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.19 

Ionization Energies:

1011.8 
1907 
2914.1 
4963.6 
6273.9 
21267 
25431 
29872 
35905 
40950 
46261 
54110 
59024 
271791 
296195 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

ff8000 

Symbol:

S 

Name:

Sulfur 

Number:

16 

Period:

3 

Atomic Mass:

32.06 

Summary:

Sulfur or sulphur (see spelling differences) is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16. It is an abundant, multivalent non-metal. Under normal conditions, sulfur atoms form cyclic octatomic molecules with chemical formula S8. 

Appearance:

lemon yellow sintered microcrystals 

Boil:

717.8 

Category:

polyatomic nonmetal 

Color:

 

Density:

2.07 

Discovered By:

Ancient china 

Melt:

388.36 

Molar Heat:

22.75 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

16 

ypos:

3 

Shells:

2 
8 
6 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ne] 3s2 3p4 

Electron Affinity:

200.4101 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.58 

Ionization Energies:

999.6 
2252 
3357 
4556 
7004.3 
8495.8 
27107 
31719 
36621 
43177 
48710 
54460 
62930 
68216 
311048 
337138 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

ffff30 

Symbol:

Cl 

Name:

Chlorine 

Number:

17 

Period:

3 

Atomic Mass:

35.45 

Summary:

Chlorine is a chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17. It also has a relative atomic mass of 35.5. Chlorine is in the halogen group (17) and is the second lightest halogen following fluorine. 

Appearance:

pale yellow-green gas 

Boil:

239.11 

Category:

diatomic nonmetal 

Color:

 

Density:

3.2 

Discovered By:

Carl Wilhelm Scheele 

Melt:

171.6 

Molar Heat:

 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Gas 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

17 

ypos:

3 

Shells:

2 
8 
7 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ne] 3s2 3p5 

Electron Affinity:

348.575 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

3.16 

Ionization Energies:

1251.2 
2298 
3822 
5158.6 
6542 
9362 
11018 
33604 
38600 
43961 
51068 
57119 
63363 
72341 
78095 
352994 
380760 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

1ff01f 

Symbol:

Ar 

Name:

Argon 

Number:

18 

Period:

3 

Atomic Mass:

39.9481 

Summary:

Argon is a chemical element with symbol Ar and atomic number 18. It is in group 18 of the periodic table and is a noble gas. Argon is the third most common gas in the Earth's atmosphere, at 0.934% (9,340 ppmv), making it over twice as abundant as the next most common atmospheric gas, water vapor (which averages about 4000 ppmv, but varies greatly), and 23 times as abundant as the next most common non-condensing atmospheric gas, carbon dioxide (400 ppmv), and more than 500 times as abundant as the next most common noble gas, neon (18 ppmv). 

Appearance:

colorless gas exhibiting a lilac/violet glow when placed in a high voltage electric field 

Boil:

87.302 

Category:

noble gas 

Color:

 

Density:

1.784 

Discovered By:

Lord Rayleigh 

Melt:

83.81 

Molar Heat:

 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Gas 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

18 

ypos:

3 

Shells:

2 
8 
8 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ne] 3s2 3p6 

Electron Affinity:

-96 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

 

Ionization Energies:

1520.6 
2665.8 
3931 
5771 
7238 
8781 
11995 
13842 
40760 
46186 
52002 
59653 
66199 
72918 
82473 
88576 
397605 
427066 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

80d1e3 

Symbol:

K 

Name:

Potassium 

Number:

19 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

39.09831 

Summary:

Potassium is a chemical element with symbol K (derived from Neo-Latin, kalium) and atomic number 19. It was first isolated from potash, the ashes of plants, from which its name is derived. In the Periodic table, potassium is one of seven elements in column (group) 1 (alkali metals):they all have a single valence electron in their outer electron shell, which they readily give up to create an atom with a positive charge - a cation, and combine with anions to form salts. 

Appearance:

silvery gray 

Boil:

1032 

Category:

alkali metal 

Color:

 

Density:

0.862 

Discovered By:

Humphry Davy 

Melt:

336.7 

Molar Heat:

29.6 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

1 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
8 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 4s1 

Electron Affinity:

48.383 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

0.82 

Ionization Energies:

418.8 
3052 
4420 
5877 
7975 
9590 
11343 
14944 
16963.7 
48610 
54490 
60730 
68950 
75900 
83080 
93400 
99710 
444880 
476063 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

8f40d4 

Symbol:

Ca 

Name:

Calcium 

Number:

20 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

40.0784 

Summary:

Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20. Calcium is a soft gray alkaline earth metal, fifth-most-abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust. The ion Ca2+ is also the fifth-most-abundant dissolved ion in seawater by both molarity and mass, after sodium, chloride, magnesium, and sulfate. 

Appearance:

 

Boil:

1757 

Category:

alkaline earth metal 

Color:

 

Density:

1.55 

Discovered By:

Humphry Davy 

Melt:

1115 

Molar Heat:

25.929 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

2 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 4s2 

Electron Affinity:

2.37 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1 

Ionization Energies:

589.8 
1145.4 
4912.4 
6491 
8153 
10496 
12270 
14206 
18191 
20385 
57110 
63410 
70110 
78890 
86310 
94000 
104900 
111711 
494850 
527762 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

3dff00 

Symbol:

Sc 

Name:

Scandium 

Number:

21 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

44.9559085 

Summary:

Scandium is a chemical element with symbol Sc and atomic number 21. A silvery-white metallic d-block element, it has historically been sometimes classified as a rare earth element, together with yttrium and the lanthanoids. It was discovered in 1879 by spectral analysis of the minerals euxenite and gadolinite from Scandinavia. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

3109 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

2.985 

Discovered By:

Lars Fredrik Nilson 

Melt:

1814 

Molar Heat:

25.52 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

3 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
9 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d1 4s2 

Electron Affinity:

18 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.36 

Ionization Energies:

633.1 
1235 
2388.6 
7090.6 
8843 
10679 
13310 
15250 
17370 
21726 
24102 
66320 
73010 
80160 
89490 
97400 
105600 
117000 
124270 
547530 
582163 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

e6e6e6 

Symbol:

Ti 

Name:

Titanium 

Number:

22 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

47.8671 

Summary:

Titanium is a chemical element with symbol Ti and atomic number 22. It is a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density and high strength. It is highly resistant to corrosion in sea water, aqua regia and chlorine. 

Appearance:

silvery grey-white metallic 

Boil:

3560 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

4.506 

Discovered By:

William Gregor 

Melt:

1941 

Molar Heat:

25.06 

Named By:

Martin Heinrich Klaproth 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

4 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
10 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d2 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d2 4s2 

Electron Affinity:

7.289 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.54 

Ionization Energies:

658.8 
1309.8 
2652.5 
4174.6 
9581 
11533 
13590 
16440 
18530 
20833 
25575 
28125 
76015 
83280 
90880 
100700 
109100 
117800 
129900 
137530 
602930 
639294 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

bfc2c7 

Symbol:

V 

Name:

Vanadium 

Number:

23 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

50.94151 

Summary:

Vanadium is a chemical element with symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a hard, silvery grey, ductile and malleable transition metal. The element is found only in chemically combined form in nature, but once isolated artificially, the formation of an oxide layer stabilizes the free metal somewhat against further oxidation. 

Appearance:

blue-silver-grey metal 

Boil:

3680 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

6 

Discovered By:

Andrés Manuel del Río 

Melt:

2183 

Molar Heat:

24.89 

Named By:

Isotopes of vanadium 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

5 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
11 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d3 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d3 4s2 

Electron Affinity:

50.911 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.63 

Ionization Energies:

650.9 
1414 
2830 
4507 
6298.7 
12363 
14530 
16730 
19860 
22240 
24670 
29730 
32446 
86450 
94170 
102300 
112700 
121600 
130700 
143400 
151440 
661050 
699144 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

a6a6ab 

Symbol:

Cr 

Name:

Chromium 

Number:

24 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

51.99616 

Summary:

Chromium is a chemical element with symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is the first element in Group 6. It is a steely-gray, lustrous, hard and brittle metal which takes a high polish, resists tarnishing, and has a high melting point. 

Appearance:

silvery metallic 

Boil:

2944 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

7.19 

Discovered By:

Louis Nicolas Vauquelin 

Melt:

2180 

Molar Heat:

23.35 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

6 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
13 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d5 4s1 

Electron Affinity:

65.21 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.66 

Ionization Energies:

652.9 
1590.6 
2987 
4743 
6702 
8744.9 
15455 
17820 
20190 
23580 
26130 
28750 
34230 
37066 
97510 
105800 
114300 
125300 
134700 
144300 
157700 
166090 
721870 
761733 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

8a99c7 

Symbol:

Mn 

Name:

Manganese 

Number:

25 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

54.9380443 

Summary:

Manganese is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is not found as a free element in nature; it is often found in combination with iron, and in many minerals. Manganese is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels. 

Appearance:

silvery metallic 

Boil:

2334 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

7.21 

Discovered By:

Torbern Olof Bergman 

Melt:

1519 

Molar Heat:

26.32 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

7 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
13 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d5 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d5 4s2 

Electron Affinity:

-50 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.55 

Ionization Energies:

717.3 
1509 
3248 
4940 
6990 
9220 
11500 
18770 
21400 
23960 
27590 
30330 
33150 
38880 
41987 
109480 
118100 
127100 
138600 
148500 
158600 
172500 
181380 
785450 
827067 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

9c7ac7 

Symbol:

Fe 

Name:

Iron 

Number:

26 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

55.8452 

Summary:

Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from Latin:ferrum) and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is by mass the most common element on Earth, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. 

Appearance:

lustrous metallic with a grayish tinge 

Boil:

3134 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

7.874 

Discovered By:

5000 BC 

Melt:

1811 

Molar Heat:

25.1 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

8 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
14 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d6 4s2 

Electron Affinity:

14.785 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.83 

Ionization Energies:

762.5 
1561.9 
2957 
5290 
7240 
9560 
12060 
14580 
22540 
25290 
28000 
31920 
34830 
37840 
44100 
47206 
122200 
131000 
140500 
152600 
163000 
173600 
188100 
195200 
851800 
895161 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

e06633 

Symbol:

Co 

Name:

Cobalt 

Number:

27 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

58.9331944 

Summary:

Cobalt is a chemical element with symbol Co and atomic number 27. Like nickel, cobalt in the Earth's crust is found only in chemically combined form, save for small deposits found in alloys of natural meteoric iron. The free element, produced by reductive smelting, is a hard, lustrous, silver-gray metal. 

Appearance:

hard lustrous gray metal 

Boil:

3200 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

metallic gray 

Density:

8.9 

Discovered By:

Georg Brandt 

Melt:

1768 

Molar Heat:

24.81 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

9 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
15 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d7 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d7 4s2 

Electron Affinity:

63.898 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.88 

Ionization Energies:

760.4 
1648 
3232 
4950 
7670 
9840 
12440 
15230 
17959 
26570 
29400 
32400 
36600 
39700 
42800 
49396 
52737 
134810 
145170 
154700 
167400 
178100 
189300 
204500 
214100 
920870 
966023 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

f090a0 

Symbol:

Ni 

Name:

Nickel 

Number:

28 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

58.69344 

Summary:

Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel belongs to the transition metals and is hard and ductile. 

Appearance:

lustrous, metallic, and silver with a gold tinge 

Boil:

3003 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

8.908 

Discovered By:

Axel Fredrik Cronstedt 

Melt:

1728 

Molar Heat:

26.07 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

10 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
16 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d8 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d8 4s2 

Electron Affinity:

111.65 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.91 

Ionization Energies:

737.1 
1753 
3395 
5300 
7339 
10400 
12800 
15600 
18600 
21670 
30970 
34000 
37100 
41500 
44800 
48100 
55101 
58570 
148700 
159000 
169400 
182700 
194000 
205600 
221400 
231490 
992718 
1039668 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

50d050 

Symbol:

Cu 

Name:

Copper 

Number:

29 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

63.5463 

Summary:

Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from Latin:cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a reddish-orange color. 

Appearance:

red-orange metallic luster 

Boil:

2835 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

8.96 

Discovered By:

Middle East 

Melt:

1357.77 

Molar Heat:

24.44 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

11 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d10 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d10 4s1 

Electron Affinity:

119.235 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.9 

Ionization Energies:

745.5 
1957.9 
3555 
5536 
7700 
9900 
13400 
16000 
19200 
22400 
25600 
35600 
38700 
42000 
46700 
50200 
53700 
61100 
64702 
163700 
174100 
184900 
198800 
210500 
222700 
239100 
249660 
1067358 
1116105 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

c88033 

Symbol:

Zn 

Name:

Zinc 

Number:

30 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

65.382 

Summary:

Zinc, in commerce also spelter, is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30. It is the first element of group 12 of the periodic table. In some respects zinc is chemically similar to magnesium:its ion is of similar size and its only common oxidation state is +2. 

Appearance:

silver-gray 

Boil:

1180 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

7.14 

Discovered By:

India 

Melt:

692.68 

Molar Heat:

25.47 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

12 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d10 4s2 

Electron Affinity:

-58 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.65 

Ionization Energies:

906.4 
1733.3 
3833 
5731 
7970 
10400 
12900 
16800 
19600 
23000 
26400 
29990 
40490 
43800 
47300 
52300 
55900 
59700 
67300 
71200 
179100 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

7d80b0 

Symbol:

Ga 

Name:

Gallium 

Number:

31 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

69.7231 

Summary:

Gallium is a chemical element with symbol Ga and atomic number 31. Elemental gallium does not occur in free form in nature, but as the gallium(III) compounds that are in trace amounts in zinc ores and in bauxite. Gallium is a soft, silvery metal, and elemental gallium is a brittle solid at low temperatures, and melts at 29.76 °C (85.57 °F) (slightly above room temperature). 

Appearance:

silver-white 

Boil:

2673 

Category:

post-transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

5.91 

Discovered By:

Lecoq de Boisbaudran 

Melt:

302.9146 

Molar Heat:

25.86 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

13 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
3 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1 

Electron Affinity:

41 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.81 

Ionization Energies:

578.8 
1979.3 
2963 
6180 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

c28f8f 

Symbol:

Ge 

Name:

Germanium 

Number:

32 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

72.6308 

Summary:

Germanium is a chemical element with symbol Ge and atomic number 32. It is a lustrous, hard, grayish-white metalloid in the carbon group, chemically similar to its group neighbors tin and silicon. Purified germanium is a semiconductor, with an appearance most similar to elemental silicon. 

Appearance:

grayish-white 

Boil:

3106 

Category:

metalloid 

Color:

 

Density:

5.323 

Discovered By:

Clemens Winkler 

Melt:

1211.4 

Molar Heat:

23.222 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

14 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
4 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p2 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2 

Electron Affinity:

118.9352 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.01 

Ionization Energies:

762 
1537.5 
3302.1 
4411 
9020 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

668f8f 

Symbol:

As 

Name:

Arsenic 

Number:

33 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

74.9215956 

Summary:

Arsenic is a chemical element with symbol As and atomic number 33. Arsenic occurs in many minerals, usually in conjunction with sulfur and metals, and also as a pure elemental crystal. Arsenic is a metalloid. 

Appearance:

metallic grey 

Boil:

 

Category:

metalloid 

Color:

 

Density:

5.727 

Discovered By:

Bronze Age 

Melt:

 

Molar Heat:

24.64 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

15 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
5 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p3 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p3 

Electron Affinity:

77.65 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.18 

Ionization Energies:

947 
1798 
2735 
4837 
6043 
12310 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

bd80e3 

Symbol:

Se 

Name:

Selenium 

Number:

34 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

78.9718 

Summary:

Selenium is a chemical element with symbol Se and atomic number 34. It is a nonmetal with properties that are intermediate between those of its periodic table column-adjacent chalcogen elements sulfur and tellurium. It rarely occurs in its elemental state in nature, or as pure ore compounds. 

Appearance:

black, red, and gray (not pictured) allotropes 

Boil:

958 

Category:

polyatomic nonmetal 

Color:

 

Density:

4.81 

Discovered By:

Jöns Jakob Berzelius 

Melt:

494 

Molar Heat:

25.363 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

16 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
6 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p4 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4 

Electron Affinity:

194.9587 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.55 

Ionization Energies:

941 
2045 
2973.7 
4144 
6590 
7880 
14990 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

ffa100 

Symbol:

Br 

Name:

Bromine 

Number:

35 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

79.904 

Summary:

Bromine (from Ancient Greek:βρῶμος, brómos, meaning "stench") is a chemical element with symbol Br, and atomic number 35. It is a halogen. The element was isolated independently by two chemists, Carl Jacob Löwig and Antoine Jerome Balard, in 1825–1826. 

Appearance:

 

Boil:

332 

Category:

diatomic nonmetal 

Color:

 

Density:

3.1028 

Discovered By:

Antoine Jérôme Balard 

Melt:

265.8 

Molar Heat:

 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Liquid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

17 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
7 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p5 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5 

Electron Affinity:

324.537 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.96 

Ionization Energies:

1139.9 
2103 
3470 
4560 
5760 
8550 
9940 
18600 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

a62929 

Symbol:

Kr 

Name:

Krypton 

Number:

36 

Period:

4 

Atomic Mass:

83.7982 

Summary:

Krypton (from Greek:κρυπτός kryptos "the hidden one") is a chemical element with symbol Kr and atomic number 36. It is a member of group 18 (noble gases) elements. A colorless, odorless, tasteless noble gas, krypton occurs in trace amounts in the atmosphere, is isolated by fractionally distilling liquefied air, and is often used with other rare gases in fluorescent lamps. 

Appearance:

colorless gas, exhibiting a whitish glow in a high electric field 

Boil:

119.93 

Category:

noble gas 

Color:

 

Density:

3.749 

Discovered By:

William Ramsay 

Melt:

115.78 

Molar Heat:

 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Gas 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

18 

ypos:

4 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
8 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6 

Electron Affinity:

-96 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

3 

Ionization Energies:

1350.8 
2350.4 
3565 
5070 
6240 
7570 
10710 
12138 
22274 
25880 
29700 
33800 
37700 
43100 
47500 
52200 
57100 
61800 
75800 
80400 
85300 
90400 
96300 
101400 
111100 
116290 
282500 
296200 
311400 
326200 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

5cb8d1 

Symbol:

Rb 

Name:

Rubidium 

Number:

37 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

85.46783 

Summary:

Rubidium is a chemical element with symbol Rb and atomic number 37. Rubidium is a soft, silvery-white metallic element of the alkali metal group, with an atomic mass of 85.4678. Elemental rubidium is highly reactive, with properties similar to those of other alkali metals, such as very rapid oxidation in air. 

Appearance:

grey white 

Boil:

961 

Category:

alkali metal 

Color:

 

Density:

1.532 

Discovered By:

Robert Bunsen 

Melt:

312.45 

Molar Heat:

31.06 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

1 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
8 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 5s1 

Electron Affinity:

46.884 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

0.82 

Ionization Energies:

403 
2633 
3860 
5080 
6850 
8140 
9570 
13120 
14500 
26740 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

702eb0 

Symbol:

Sr 

Name:

Strontium 

Number:

38 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

87.621 

Summary:

Strontium is a chemical element with symbol Sr and atomic number 38. An alkaline earth metal, strontium is a soft silver-white or yellowish metallic element that is highly reactive chemically. The metal turns yellow when it is exposed to air. 

Appearance:

 

Boil:

1650 

Category:

alkaline earth metal 

Color:

 

Density:

2.64 

Discovered By:

William Cruickshank (chemist) 

Melt:

1050 

Molar Heat:

26.4 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

2 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 5s2 

Electron Affinity:

5.023 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

0.95 

Ionization Energies:

549.5 
1064.2 
4138 
5500 
6910 
8760 
10230 
11800 
15600 
17100 
31270 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

00ff00 

Symbol:

Y 

Name:

Yttrium 

Number:

39 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

88.905842 

Summary:

Yttrium is a chemical element with symbol Y and atomic number 39. It is a silvery-metallic transition metal chemically similar to the lanthanides and it has often been classified as a "rare earth element". Yttrium is almost always found combined with the lanthanides in rare earth minerals and is never found in nature as a free element. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

3203 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

4.472 

Discovered By:

Johan Gadolin 

Melt:

1799 

Molar Heat:

26.53 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

3 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
9 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d1 5s2 

Electron Affinity:

29.6 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.22 

Ionization Energies:

600 
1180 
1980 
5847 
7430 
8970 
11190 
12450 
14110 
18400 
19900 
36090 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

94ffff 

Symbol:

Zr 

Name:

Zirconium 

Number:

40 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

91.2242 

Summary:

Zirconium is a chemical element with symbol Zr and atomic number 40. The name of zirconium is taken from the name of the mineral zircon, the most important source of zirconium. The word zircon comes from the Persian word zargun زرگون, meaning "gold-colored". 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

4650 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

6.52 

Discovered By:

Martin Heinrich Klaproth 

Melt:

2128 

Molar Heat:

25.36 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

4 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
10 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d2 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d2 5s2 

Electron Affinity:

41.806 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.33 

Ionization Energies:

640.1 
1270 
2218 
3313 
7752 
9500 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

94e0e0 

Symbol:

Nb 

Name:

Niobium 

Number:

41 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

92.906372 

Summary:

Niobium, formerly columbium, is a chemical element with symbol Nb (formerly Cb) and atomic number 41. It is a soft, grey, ductile transition metal, which is often found in the pyrochlore mineral, the main commercial source for niobium, and columbite. The name comes from Greek mythology:Niobe, daughter of Tantalus since it is so similar to tantalum. 

Appearance:

gray metallic, bluish when oxidized 

Boil:

5017 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

8.57 

Discovered By:

Charles Hatchett 

Melt:

2750 

Molar Heat:

24.6 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

5 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
12 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1 4d4 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d4 5s1 

Electron Affinity:

88.516 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.6 

Ionization Energies:

652.1 
1380 
2416 
3700 
4877 
9847 
12100 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

73c2c9 

Symbol:

Mo 

Name:

Molybdenum 

Number:

42 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

95.951 

Summary:

Molybdenum is a chemical element with symbol Mo and atomic number 42. The name is from Neo-Latin molybdaenum, from Ancient Greek Μόλυβδος molybdos, meaning lead, since its ores were confused with lead ores. Molybdenum minerals have been known throughout history, but the element was discovered (in the sense of differentiating it as a new entity from the mineral salts of other metals) in 1778 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele. 

Appearance:

gray metallic 

Boil:

4912 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

10.28 

Discovered By:

Carl Wilhelm Scheele 

Melt:

2896 

Molar Heat:

24.06 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

6 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
13 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1 4d5 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d5 5s1 

Electron Affinity:

72.1 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.16 

Ionization Energies:

684.3 
1560 
2618 
4480 
5257 
6640.8 
12125 
13860 
15835 
17980 
20190 
22219 
26930 
29196 
52490 
55000 
61400 
67700 
74000 
80400 
87000 
93400 
98420 
104400 
121900 
127700 
133800 
139800 
148100 
154500 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

54b5b5 

Symbol:

Tc 

Name:

Technetium 

Number:

43 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

98 

Summary:

Technetium (/tɛkˈniːʃiəm/) is a chemical element with symbol Tc and atomic number 43. It is the element with the lowest atomic number in the periodic table that has no stable isotopes:every form of it is radioactive. Nearly all technetium is produced synthetically, and only minute amounts are found in nature. 

Appearance:

shiny gray metal 

Boil:

4538 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

11 

Discovered By:

Emilio Segrè 

Melt:

2430 

Molar Heat:

24.27 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

7 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
13 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d5 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d5 5s2 

Electron Affinity:

53 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.9 

Ionization Energies:

702 
1470 
2850 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

3b9e9e 

Symbol:

Ru 

Name:

Ruthenium 

Number:

44 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

101.072 

Summary:

Ruthenium is a chemical element with symbol Ru and atomic number 44. It is a rare transition metal belonging to the platinum group of the periodic table. Like the other metals of the platinum group, ruthenium is inert to most other chemicals. 

Appearance:

silvery white metallic 

Boil:

4423 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

12.45 

Discovered By:

Karl Ernst Claus 

Melt:

2607 

Molar Heat:

24.06 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

8 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
15 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1 4d7 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d7 5s1 

Electron Affinity:

100.96 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.2 

Ionization Energies:

710.2 
1620 
2747 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

248f8f 

Symbol:

Rh 

Name:

Rhodium 

Number:

45 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

102.905502 

Summary:

Rhodium is a chemical element with symbol Rh and atomic number 45. It is a rare, silvery-white, hard, and chemically inert transition metal. It is a member of the platinum group. 

Appearance:

silvery white metallic 

Boil:

3968 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

12.41 

Discovered By:

William Hyde Wollaston 

Melt:

2237 

Molar Heat:

24.98 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

9 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
16 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1 4d8 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d8 5s1 

Electron Affinity:

110.27 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.28 

Ionization Energies:

719.7 
1740 
2997 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

0a7d8c 

Symbol:

Pd 

Name:

Palladium 

Number:

46 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

106.421 

Summary:

Palladium is a chemical element with symbol Pd and atomic number 46. It is a rare and lustrous silvery-white metal discovered in 1803 by William Hyde Wollaston. He named it after the asteroid Pallas, which was itself named after the epithet of the Greek goddess Athena, acquired by her when she slew Pallas. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

3236 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

12.023 

Discovered By:

William Hyde Wollaston 

Melt:

1828.05 

Molar Heat:

25.98 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

10 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
18 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 4d10 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d10 

Electron Affinity:

54.24 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.2 

Ionization Energies:

804.4 
1870 
3177 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

006985 

Symbol:

Ag 

Name:

Silver 

Number:

47 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

107.86822 

Summary:

Silver is a chemical element with symbol Ag (Greek:άργυρος árguros, Latin:argentum, both from the Indo-European root *h₂erǵ- for "grey" or "shining") and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it possesses the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and reflectivity of any metal. The metal occurs naturally in its pure, free form (native silver), as an alloy with gold and other metals, and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite. 

Appearance:

lustrous white metal 

Boil:

2435 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

10.49 

Discovered By:

unknown, before 5000 BC 

Melt:

1234.93 

Molar Heat:

25.35 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

11 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
18 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1 4d10 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d10 5s1 

Electron Affinity:

125.862 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.93 

Ionization Energies:

731 
2070 
3361 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

c0c0c0 

Symbol:

Cd 

Name:

Cadmium 

Number:

48 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

112.4144 

Summary:

Cadmium is a chemical element with symbol Cd and atomic number 48. This soft, bluish-white metal is chemically similar to the two other stable metals in group 12, zinc and mercury. Like zinc, it prefers oxidation state +2 in most of its compounds and like mercury it shows a low melting point compared to transition metals. 

Appearance:

silvery bluish-gray metallic 

Boil:

1040 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

8.65 

Discovered By:

Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann 

Melt:

594.22 

Molar Heat:

26.02 

Named By:

Isotopes of cadmium 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

12 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
18 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d10 5s2 

Electron Affinity:

-68 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.69 

Ionization Energies:

867.8 
1631.4 
3616 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

ffd98f 

Symbol:

In 

Name:

Indium 

Number:

49 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

114.8181 

Summary:

Indium is a chemical element with symbol In and atomic number 49. It is a post-transition metallic element that is rare in Earth's crust. The metal is very soft, malleable and easily fusible, with a melting point higher than sodium, but lower than lithium or tin. 

Appearance:

silvery lustrous gray 

Boil:

2345 

Category:

post-transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

7.31 

Discovered By:

Ferdinand Reich 

Melt:

429.7485 

Molar Heat:

26.74 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

13 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
18 
3 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1 

Electron Affinity:

37.043 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.78 

Ionization Energies:

558.3 
1820.7 
2704 
5210 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

a67573 

Symbol:

Sn 

Name:

Tin 

Number:

50 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

118.7107 

Summary:

Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (for Latin:stannum) and atomic number 50. It is a main group metal in group 14 of the periodic table. Tin shows a chemical similarity to both neighboring group-14 elements, germanium and lead, and has two possible oxidation states, +2 and the slightly more stable +4. 

Appearance:

silvery-white (beta, β) or gray (alpha, α) 

Boil:

2875 

Category:

post-transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

7.365 

Discovered By:

unknown, before 3500 BC 

Melt:

505.08 

Molar Heat:

27.112 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

14 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
18 
4 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p2 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2 

Electron Affinity:

107.2984 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.96 

Ionization Energies:

708.6 
1411.8 
2943 
3930.3 
7456 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

668080 

Symbol:

Sb 

Name:

Antimony 

Number:

51 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

121.7601 

Summary:

Antimony is a chemical element with symbol Sb (from Latin:stibium) and atomic number 51. A lustrous gray metalloid, it is found in nature mainly as the sulfide mineral stibnite (Sb2S3). Antimony compounds have been known since ancient times and were used for cosmetics; metallic antimony was also known, but it was erroneously identified as lead upon its discovery. 

Appearance:

silvery lustrous gray 

Boil:

1908 

Category:

metalloid 

Color:

 

Density:

6.697 

Discovered By:

unknown, before 3000 BC 

Melt:

903.78 

Molar Heat:

25.23 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

15 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
18 
5 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p3 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3 

Electron Affinity:

101.059 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.05 

Ionization Energies:

834 
1594.9 
2440 
4260 
5400 
10400 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

9e63b5 

Symbol:

Te 

Name:

Tellurium 

Number:

52 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

127.603 

Summary:

Tellurium is a chemical element with symbol Te and atomic number 52. It is a brittle, mildly toxic, rare, silver-white metalloid. Tellurium is chemically related to selenium and sulfur. 

Appearance:

 

Boil:

1261 

Category:

metalloid 

Color:

 

Density:

6.24 

Discovered By:

Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein 

Melt:

722.66 

Molar Heat:

25.73 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

16 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
18 
6 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p4 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4 

Electron Affinity:

190.161 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.1 

Ionization Energies:

869.3 
1790 
2698 
3610 
5668 
6820 
13200 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

d47a00 

Symbol:

I 

Name:

Iodine 

Number:

53 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

126.904473 

Summary:

Iodine is a chemical element with symbol I and atomic number 53. The name is from Greek ἰοειδής ioeidēs, meaning violet or purple, due to the color of iodine vapor. Iodine and its compounds are primarily used in nutrition, and industrially in the production of acetic acid and certain polymers. 

Appearance:

lustrous metallic gray, violet as a gas 

Boil:

457.4 

Category:

diatomic nonmetal 

Color:

 

Density:

4.933 

Discovered By:

Bernard Courtois 

Melt:

386.85 

Molar Heat:

 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

17 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
18 
7 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p5 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5 

Electron Affinity:

295.1531 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.66 

Ionization Energies:

1008.4 
1845.9 
3180 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

940094 

Symbol:

Xe 

Name:

Xenon 

Number:

54 

Period:

5 

Atomic Mass:

131.2936 

Summary:

Xenon is a chemical element with symbol Xe and atomic number 54. It is a colorless, dense, odorless noble gas, that occurs in the Earth's atmosphere in trace amounts. Although generally unreactive, xenon can undergo a few chemical reactions such as the formation of xenon hexafluoroplatinate, the first noble gas compound to be synthesized. 

Appearance:

colorless gas, exhibiting a blue glow when placed in a high voltage electric field 

Boil:

165.051 

Category:

noble gas 

Color:

 

Density:

5.894 

Discovered By:

William Ramsay 

Melt:

161.4 

Molar Heat:

 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Gas 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

18 

ypos:

5 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
18 
8 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6 

Electron Affinity:

-77 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.6 

Ionization Energies:

1170.4 
2046.4 
3099.4 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

429eb0 

Symbol:

Cs 

Name:

Cesium 

Number:

55 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

132.905451966 

Summary:

Caesium or cesium is a chemical element with symbol Cs and atomic number 55. It is a soft, silvery-gold alkali metal with a melting point of 28 °C (82 °F), which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at or near room temperature. Caesium is an alkali metal and has physical and chemical properties similar to those of rubidium and potassium. 

Appearance:

silvery gold 

Boil:

944 

Category:

alkali metal 

Color:

 

Density:

1.93 

Discovered By:

Robert Bunsen 

Melt:

301.7 

Molar Heat:

32.21 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

1 

ypos:

6 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
18 
8 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 6s1 

Electron Affinity:

45.505 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

0.79 

Ionization Energies:

375.7 
2234.3 
3400 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

57178f 

Symbol:

Ba 

Name:

Barium 

Number:

56 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

137.3277 

Summary:

Barium is a chemical element with symbol Ba and atomic number 56. It is the fifth element in Group 2, a soft silvery metallic alkaline earth metal. Because of its high chemical reactivity barium is never found in nature as a free element. 

Appearance:

 

Boil:

2118 

Category:

alkaline earth metal 

Color:

 

Density:

3.51 

Discovered By:

Carl Wilhelm Scheele 

Melt:

1000 

Molar Heat:

28.07 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

2 

ypos:

6 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
18 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

13.954 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

0.89 

Ionization Energies:

502.9 
965.2 
3600 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

00c900 

Symbol:

La 

Name:

Lanthanum 

Number:

57 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

138.905477 

Summary:

Lanthanum is a soft, ductile, silvery-white metallic chemical element with symbol La and atomic number 57. It tarnishes rapidly when exposed to air and is soft enough to be cut with a knife. It gave its name to the lanthanide series, a group of 15 similar elements between lanthanum and lutetium in the periodic table:it is also sometimes considered the first element of the 6th-period transition metals. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

3737 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

6.162 

Discovered By:

Carl Gustaf Mosander 

Melt:

1193 

Molar Heat:

27.11 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

3 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
18 
9 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 5d1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 5d16s2 

Electron Affinity:

53 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.1 

Ionization Energies:

538.1 
1067 
1850.3 
4819 
5940 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

70d4ff 

Symbol:

Ce 

Name:

Cerium 

Number:

58 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

140.1161 

Summary:

Cerium is a chemical element with symbol Ce and atomic number 58. It is a soft, silvery, ductile metal which easily oxidizes in air. Cerium was named after the dwarf planet Ceres (itself named after the Roman goddess of agriculture). 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

3716 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

6.77 

Discovered By:

Martin Heinrich Klaproth 

Melt:

1068 

Molar Heat:

26.94 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

4 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
19 
9 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 5d1 4f1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

55 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.12 

Ionization Energies:

534.4 
1050 
1949 
3547 
6325 
7490 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

ffffc7 

Symbol:

Pr 

Name:

Praseodymium 

Number:

59 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

140.907662 

Summary:

Praseodymium is a chemical element with symbol Pr and atomic number 59. Praseodymium is a soft, silvery, malleable and ductile metal in the lanthanide group. It is valued for its magnetic, electrical, chemical, and optical properties. 

Appearance:

grayish white 

Boil:

3403 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

6.77 

Discovered By:

Carl Auer von Welsbach 

Melt:

1208 

Molar Heat:

27.2 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

5 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
21 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f3 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f3 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

93 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.13 

Ionization Energies:

527 
1020 
2086 
3761 
5551 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

d9ffc7 

Symbol:

Nd 

Name:

Neodymium 

Number:

60 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

144.2423 

Summary:

Neodymium is a chemical element with symbol Nd and atomic number 60. It is a soft silvery metal that tarnishes in air. Neodymium was discovered in 1885 by the Austrian chemist Carl Auer von Welsbach. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

3347 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

7.01 

Discovered By:

Carl Auer von Welsbach 

Melt:

1297 

Molar Heat:

27.45 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

6 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
22 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f4 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f4 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

184.87 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.14 

Ionization Energies:

533.1 
1040 
2130 
3900 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

c7ffc7 

Symbol:

Pm 

Name:

Promethium 

Number:

61 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

145 

Summary:

Promethium, originally prometheum, is a chemical element with the symbol Pm and atomic number 61. All of its isotopes are radioactive; it is one of only two such elements that are followed in the periodic table by elements with stable forms, a distinction shared with technetium. Chemically, promethium is a lanthanide, which forms salts when combined with other elements. 

Appearance:

metallic 

Boil:

3273 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

7.26 

Discovered By:

Chien Shiung Wu 

Melt:

1315 

Molar Heat:

 

Named By:

Isotopes of promethium 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

7 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
23 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f5 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f5 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

12.45 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.13 

Ionization Energies:

540 
1050 
2150 
3970 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

a3ffc7 

Symbol:

Sm 

Name:

Samarium 

Number:

62 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

150.362 

Summary:

Samarium is a chemical element with symbol Sm and atomic number 62. It is a moderately hard silvery metal that readily oxidizes in air. Being a typical member of the lanthanide series, samarium usually assumes the oxidation state +3. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

2173 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

7.52 

Discovered By:

Lecoq de Boisbaudran 

Melt:

1345 

Molar Heat:

29.54 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

8 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
24 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f6 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f6 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

15.63 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.17 

Ionization Energies:

544.5 
1070 
2260 
3990 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

8fffc7 

Symbol:

Eu 

Name:

Europium 

Number:

63 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

151.9641 

Summary:

Europium is a chemical element with symbol Eu and atomic number 63. It was isolated in 1901 and is named after the continent of Europe. It is a moderately hard, silvery metal which readily oxidizes in air and water. 

Appearance:

 

Boil:

1802 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

5.264 

Discovered By:

Eugène-Anatole Demarçay 

Melt:

1099 

Molar Heat:

27.66 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

9 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
25 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f7 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f7 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

11.2 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.2 

Ionization Energies:

547.1 
1085 
2404 
4120 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

61ffc7 

Symbol:

Gd 

Name:

Gadolinium 

Number:

64 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

157.253 

Summary:

Gadolinium is a chemical element with symbol Gd and atomic number 64. It is a silvery-white, malleable and ductile rare-earth metal. It is found in nature only in combined (salt) form. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

3273 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

7.9 

Discovered By:

Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac 

Melt:

1585 

Molar Heat:

37.03 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

10 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
25 
9 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f7 5d1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

13.22 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.2 

Ionization Energies:

593.4 
1170 
1990 
4250 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

45ffc7 

Symbol:

Tb 

Name:

Terbium 

Number:

65 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

158.925352 

Summary:

Terbium is a chemical element with symbol Tb and atomic number 65. It is a silvery-white rare earth metal that is malleable, ductile and soft enough to be cut with a knife. Terbium is never found in nature as a free element, but it is contained in many minerals, including cerite, gadolinite, monazite, xenotime and euxenite. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

3396 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

8.23 

Discovered By:

Carl Gustaf Mosander 

Melt:

1629 

Molar Heat:

28.91 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

11 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
27 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f9 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f9 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

112.4 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.1 

Ionization Energies:

565.8 
1110 
2114 
3839 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

30ffc7 

Symbol:

Dy 

Name:

Dysprosium 

Number:

66 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

162.5001 

Summary:

Dysprosium is a chemical element with the symbol Dy and atomic number 66. It is a rare earth element with a metallic silver luster. Dysprosium is never found in nature as a free element, though it is found in various minerals, such as xenotime. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

2840 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

8.54 

Discovered By:

Lecoq de Boisbaudran 

Melt:

1680 

Molar Heat:

27.7 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

12 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
28 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f10 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f10 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

33.96 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.22 

Ionization Energies:

573 
1130 
2200 
3990 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

1fffc7 

Symbol:

Ho 

Name:

Holmium 

Number:

67 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

164.930332 

Summary:

Holmium is a chemical element with symbol Ho and atomic number 67. Part of the lanthanide series, holmium is a rare earth element. Holmium was discovered by Swedish chemist Per Theodor Cleve. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

2873 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

8.79 

Discovered By:

Marc Delafontaine 

Melt:

1734 

Molar Heat:

27.15 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

13 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
29 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f11 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f11 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

32.61 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.23 

Ionization Energies:

581 
1140 
2204 
4100 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

00ff9c 

Symbol:

Er 

Name:

Erbium 

Number:

68 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

167.2593 

Summary:

Erbium is a chemical element in the lanthanide series, with symbol Er and atomic number 68. A silvery-white solid metal when artificially isolated, natural erbium is always found in chemical combination with other elements on Earth. As such, it is a rare earth element which is associated with several other rare elements in the mineral gadolinite from Ytterby in Sweden, where yttrium, ytterbium, and terbium were discovered. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

3141 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

9.066 

Discovered By:

Carl Gustaf Mosander 

Melt:

1802 

Molar Heat:

28.12 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

14 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
30 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f12 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f12 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

30.1 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.24 

Ionization Energies:

589.3 
1150 
2194 
4120 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

00e675 

Symbol:

Tm 

Name:

Thulium 

Number:

69 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

168.934222 

Summary:

Thulium is a chemical element with symbol Tm and atomic number 69. It is the thirteenth and antepenultimate (third-last) element in the lanthanide series. Like the other lanthanides, the most common oxidation state is +3, seen in its oxide, halides and other compounds. 

Appearance:

silvery gray 

Boil:

2223 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

9.32 

Discovered By:

Per Teodor Cleve 

Melt:

1818 

Molar Heat:

27.03 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

15 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
31 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f13 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f13 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

99 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.25 

Ionization Energies:

596.7 
1160 
2285 
4120 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

00d452 

Symbol:

Yb 

Name:

Ytterbium 

Number:

70 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

173.0451 

Summary:

Ytterbium is a chemical element with symbol Yb and atomic number 70. It is the fourteenth and penultimate element in the lanthanide series, which is the basis of the relative stability of its +2 oxidation state. However, like the other lanthanides, its most common oxidation state is +3, seen in its oxide, halides and other compounds. 

Appearance:

 

Boil:

1469 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

6.9 

Discovered By:

Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac 

Melt:

1097 

Molar Heat:

26.74 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

16 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
32 
8 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f14 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

-1.93 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.1 

Ionization Energies:

603.4 
1174.8 
2417 
4203 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

00bf38 

Symbol:

Lu 

Name:

Lutetium 

Number:

71 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

174.96681 

Summary:

Lutetium is a chemical element with symbol Lu and atomic number 71. It is a silvery white metal, which resists corrosion in dry, but not in moist air. It is considered the first element of the 6th-period transition metals and the last element in the lanthanide series, and is traditionally counted among the rare earths. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

3675 

Category:

lanthanide 

Color:

 

Density:

9.841 

Discovered By:

Georges Urbain 

Melt:

1925 

Molar Heat:

26.86 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

17 

ypos:

9 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
32 
9 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f14 5d1 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

33.4 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.27 

Ionization Energies:

523.5 
1340 
2022.3 
4370 
6445 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

00ab24 

Symbol:

Hf 

Name:

Hafnium 

Number:

72 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

178.492 

Summary:

Hafnium is a chemical element with symbol Hf and atomic number 72. A lustrous, silvery gray, tetravalent transition metal, hafnium chemically resembles zirconium and is found in zirconium minerals. Its existence was predicted by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869, though it was not identified until 1923, making it the penultimate stable element to be discovered (rhenium was identified two years later). 

Appearance:

steel gray 

Boil:

4876 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

13.31 

Discovered By:

Dirk Coster 

Melt:

2506 

Molar Heat:

25.73 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

4 

ypos:

6 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
32 
10 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d2 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

17.18 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.3 

Ionization Energies:

658.5 
1440 
2250 
3216 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

4dc2ff 

Symbol:

Ta 

Name:

Tantalum 

Number:

73 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

180.947882 

Summary:

Tantalum is a chemical element with symbol Ta and atomic number 73. Previously known as tantalium, its name comes from Tantalus, an antihero from Greek mythology. Tantalum is a rare, hard, blue-gray, lustrous transition metal that is highly corrosion-resistant. 

Appearance:

gray blue 

Boil:

5731 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

16.69 

Discovered By:

Anders Gustaf Ekeberg 

Melt:

3290 

Molar Heat:

25.36 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

5 

ypos:

6 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
32 
11 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d3 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

31 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.5 

Ionization Energies:

761 
1500 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

4da6ff 

Symbol:

W 

Name:

Tungsten 

Number:

74 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

183.841 

Summary:

Tungsten, also known as wolfram, is a chemical element with symbol W and atomic number 74. The word tungsten comes from the Swedish language tung sten, which directly translates to heavy stone. Its name in Swedish is volfram, however, in order to distinguish it from scheelite, which in Swedish is alternatively named tungsten. 

Appearance:

grayish white, lustrous 

Boil:

6203 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

19.25 

Discovered By:

Carl Wilhelm Scheele 

Melt:

3695 

Molar Heat:

24.27 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

6 

ypos:

6 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
32 
12 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d4 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

78.76 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.36 

Ionization Energies:

770 
1700 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

2194d6 

Symbol:

Re 

Name:

Rhenium 

Number:

75 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

186.2071 

Summary:

Rhenium is a chemical element with symbol Re and atomic number 75. It is a silvery-white, heavy, third-row transition metal in group 7 of the periodic table. With an estimated average concentration of 1 part per billion (ppb), rhenium is one of the rarest elements in the Earth's crust. 

Appearance:

silvery-grayish 

Boil:

5869 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

21.02 

Discovered By:

Masataka Ogawa 

Melt:

3459 

Molar Heat:

25.48 

Named By:

Walter Noddack 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

7 

ypos:

6 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
32 
13 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d5 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

5.8273 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.9 

Ionization Energies:

760 
1260 
2510 
3640 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

267dab 

Symbol:

Os 

Name:

Osmium 

Number:

76 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

190.233 

Summary:

Osmium (from Greek osme (ὀσμή) meaning "smell") is a chemical element with symbol Os and atomic number 76. It is a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal in the platinum group that is found as a trace element in alloys, mostly in platinum ores. Osmium is the densest naturally occurring element, with a density of 22.59 g/cm3. 

Appearance:

silvery, blue cast 

Boil:

5285 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

22.59 

Discovered By:

Smithson Tennant 

Melt:

3306 

Molar Heat:

24.7 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

8 

ypos:

6 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
32 
14 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d6 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

103.99 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.2 

Ionization Energies:

840 
1600 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

266696 

Symbol:

Ir 

Name:

Iridium 

Number:

77 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

192.2173 

Summary:

Iridium is a chemical element with symbol Ir and atomic number 77. A very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group, iridium is generally credited with being the second densest element (after osmium) based on measured density, although calculations involving the space lattices of the elements show that iridium is denser. It is also the most corrosion-resistant metal, even at temperatures as high as 2000 °C. Although only certain molten salts and halogens are corrosive to solid iridium, finely divided iridium dust is much more reactive and can be flammable. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

4403 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

22.56 

Discovered By:

Smithson Tennant 

Melt:

2719 

Molar Heat:

25.1 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

9 

ypos:

6 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
32 
15 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d7 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

150.94 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.2 

Ionization Energies:

880 
1600 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

175487 

Symbol:

Pt 

Name:

Platinum 

Number:

78 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

195.0849 

Summary:

Platinum is a chemical element with symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, precious, gray-white transition metal. Its name is derived from the Spanish term platina, which is literally translated into "little silver". 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

4098 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

21.45 

Discovered By:

Antonio de Ulloa 

Melt:

2041.4 

Molar Heat:

25.86 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

10 

ypos:

6 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
32 
17 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s1 4f14 5d9 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1 

Electron Affinity:

205.041 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.28 

Ionization Energies:

870 
1791 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

d0d0e0 

Symbol:

Au 

Name:

Gold 

Number:

79 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

196.9665695 

Summary:

Gold is a chemical element with symbol Au (from Latin:aurum) and atomic number 79. In its purest form, it is a bright, slightly reddish yellow, dense, soft, malleable and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal and a group 11 element. 

Appearance:

metallic yellow 

Boil:

3243 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

19.3 

Discovered By:

Middle East 

Melt:

1337.33 

Molar Heat:

25.418 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

11 

ypos:

6 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
32 
18 
1 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s1 4f14 5d10 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1 

Electron Affinity:

222.747 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2.54 

Ionization Energies:

890.1 
1980 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

ffd123 

Symbol:

Hg 

Name:

Mercury 

Number:

80 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

200.5923 

Summary:

Mercury is a chemical element with symbol Hg and atomic number 80. It is commonly known as quicksilver and was formerly named hydrargyrum (/haɪˈdrɑːrdʒərəm/). A heavy, silvery d-block element, mercury is the only metallic element that is liquid at standard conditions for temperature and pressure; the only other element that is liquid under these conditions is bromine, though metals such as caesium, gallium, and rubidium melt just above room temperature. 

Appearance:

silvery 

Boil:

629.88 

Category:

transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

13.534 

Discovered By:

unknown, before 2000 BCE 

Melt:

234.321 

Molar Heat:

27.983 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Liquid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

12 

ypos:

6 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
32 
18 
2 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 

Electron Affinity:

-48 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

2 

Ionization Energies:

1007.1 
1810 
3300 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

b8b8d0 

Symbol:

Tl 

Name:

Thallium 

Number:

81 

Period:

6 

Atomic Mass:

204.38 

Summary:

Thallium is a chemical element with symbol Tl and atomic number 81. This soft gray post-transition metal is not found free in nature. When isolated, it resembles tin, but discolors when exposed to air. 

Appearance:

silvery white 

Boil:

1746 

Category:

post-transition metal 

Color:

 

Density:

11.85 

Discovered By:

William Crookes 

Melt:

577 

Molar Heat:

26.32 

Named By:

 

Phase:

Solid 

Source:

Source 

Spectral Image:

Spectral Image 

xpos:

13 

ypos:

6 

Shells:

2 
8 
18 
32 
18 
3 

Electron Configuration:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p1 

Electron Configuration Semantic:

[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1 

Electron Affinity:

36.4 

Electro Negativity Pauling:

1.62 

Ionization Energies:

589.4 
1971 
2878 

Complete Prosthetic Kit Hex:

a6544d 

Symbol:

Pb 

Name:

Lead 

Number:

82